Car.



PATENTBD OCT. 10, 1905.

E. S. BUGKNAM.

CAR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19. 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED 00T. 10, 1905.

E. S. BUGKNAM.

CAR.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 19. 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Sme/Mio@ M m1537647/ f. S @met PATENTED OCT. 10, 1905.

E. S. BUGKNAM.

CAR.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 19. 1905.

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@l W. 5 www .s Il 7 .4 f w f PATBNTED OCT. 10, 1905.

E. S. BUCKN AM.

CAR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 19J 1905 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EZRA S. BUCKNAM, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN A.BRILL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CAR.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 10, 1905.

To {r/Z Ywhom, 'it 11i/tty concern:

Be itknown that I, EZRA S. BUCKNAM, a citi- Zen of the United States,and a resident of the city and county ot Philadelphia, State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and usei'ul Improvement in Cars, ofwhich the followingis a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a car with removable panels andsashes, so that by shifting them it may be changed from an open to aclosed condition, or vice versa. This is accomplished by the peculiarmeans I employ for shifting the sashes and panels.

It is obvious that while my invention is particularly adapted to carstructures it may also be employed wherever sashes or panels may beused.

For a more particular description of my invention reference is to be hadto the accompanying' drawings, forming a part hereof, in which- Figure 1is a perspective oi' a portion of the interior ot' a car-wall providedwith my improvement. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a part ot' the root'structure. Fig. 3 is an enlarged View of a portion ot' Fig. 2, showingthe overlapping part ot' the sashes. Fig. et is a sectional View takenon line 4 L1 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 isa sectional view showing` thc lower end otl a stanchion, a part ot` asash of a panel. Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6 6 ot' Fig. 5looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. T is an enlarged Viewshowing the manner in which the sash rests on the panel. Figs. 8 and 9are sectional views showing the sashlocking mechanism. Fig. 10 is aperspective view otl the same. Fig. 11 shows the plate which the catchis adapted to engage. Fig. 12 shows a sash-lock, the preferable formbeing indicated. Fig. 13 is a perspective view ot' a portion ot` theguide-tubing. Fig. 14 shows a bolt for the panel. Fig. 15 shows a guidefor the panel. Fig. 16 is a sectional view taken on line 16 16 of Fig. 6looking' in the direction of the arrows. Figs. 17and 18 show moditiedforms of guides.

Throughout the various views of the drawings similar referencecharacters designate similar parts.

The car 1 is provided with the usual sills 2, stanchions 3,1oof A, andhead-lining 5. The

space between the root` 4: and head-lining' may be designated as asash-pocket, because the sashes 6 and 7 and panel 8 may be raised andstored therein, as will appear below. It' desired, the stanchion 3, sill2, and root' i may be considered as forming a frame in which the sashesand panel are guided.

The sash 6 is suspended from straps or guide-rails 9, which are curvedso as to conform to the space in the saslr-pocket immediately below theroof, and each ot' these straps 9 is fixed at its lower end to theinside ot' the letter-board 10, and at its upper end is secured to thebase of the decking11. The correct outline of one strap is indicated inFig. 2. Two straps are used for each pocket, and as many sash-pocketsare used as there are windows in the car; but as all are identical, adescription ot' more than one is unnecessary. If desired, either more orfewer straps may be used in each sash-pocket, according to the size andweight of the sashes.

The sash 6 is suspended from the strap 9 by means of hangers 12, whichare otl peculiar construction. Each hanger 12 is provided with a bracketportion 13, which is secured to the upper rail otl the sash 6 by screws111 or other suitable means. Extending upwardly from the bracket 13 arethree parallel arms 15, 16, and 1T, which are united near their upperends by a spindle 1S. The arms 15 and 16 are also united by means ofoutwardly-extending lugs 19 and 20, which are connected by a commonintegral web 21. A roller 22 is mounted on the spindle 18 between thearms 15 and 16, and a second roller 23 is held parallel thereto by aleaf-spring 24, on which it is pivoted, so that the rollers 22 and 23will always be parallel and the distance between them may vary accordingto the pressure exerted on the spring. This enables the rollers 22 and23 to press against and on each side oi' the strap 9, as shown in Fig.2, the roller 23 always sustaining' the weight ot' the sash 6.

Between the arms 16 and 17 and pivoted on the spindle 18 isa bell-crankcatch 24, which has a barb 25 normally pressed outwardly by aleaf-spring 26, as shown in Fig. 9. The end 27 of the bell-crank lever24 is curved and placed so as to normally rest a little below the planeof the web 21. The barb 25 engages a catch-plate 28, which is tixcdflush with the surface of the letter-board 10 and immediately above asmall recess 29. The manner in which the catch 24" releases the plate 2Swill appear below.

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At each side of the sash 6 are parallel guides 30, which have inturnedanges 31, which run at a slight angle to the plane of the sash andextend the entire length of each side. The lower sash 7 has grooves 32,which take the iianges 31 and thereby guide the sash 7 in the lowerportion of its movements to and including the time it engages the web21. Just before the sash 7 engages the web 21 it engages the end 27 ofthe bell-crank catch 24t1 and acts against the pressure of the spring 26to release the barb 25 from the plate 28. This obviates any danger of apremature raising of the sash 6, which might occur if these catches 24nwere omitted and the flanges 31 stuck in the grooves 32. The upper endsof the sash 7 are provided with wedge-plates 33, which engage the tubing34 and force the sashes together to form a tight joint when in theposition shown in Fig. 2, and when the lower sash 7 is raised the guides31 carry its upper end a little away from the surface of the sash 6because of their divergence therefrom.

The sash 7 is secured by means of a suitable lock 35, the bolt of whichmay enter suitable recesses 35a.

The guide or tubing 34 may be either foursided, as shown in Fig. 13, orthree-sided, as shown in Fig. 4. The latter form is preferred because ofits lightness and cheapness. In either case this tubing 34 is made inthree parts 36, 37, and 38, and each may be provided with notches orrecesses 39, adapted to receive a bolt on the panel 8. The tubing 34extends from the decking 11 to the floor 2 and is curved so as toconform to the stanchion 2, as shown on Figs. 2 and 5. The tubing 34 ispreferably made of metal. If desired, a solid bar 34 may be used in lieuof the tubing 34, as shown in Fig. 17, or the three-sided tubing may bereversed, as shown in Fig. 18.

rIhe panel 8 comprises two sheets 40 and 41, which are united by strips42 and 43 at the top and bottom, rpectively, and by intermediate strips44. Guides 45 are also interposed, as shown in Fig. 15. .These guides 45are xed to one sheet and have a pin-and-slot connection with the other,so as not to interfere in any way with the fiexibility of the panel. Thestrip 42 is slightly enlarged outwardly, so as to receive and supportthe sash 7 and form a tight joint therewith.

The strips between the sheets 40 and 41 terminate a little short of theedges of thev sheets which straddle the tubular guide 34, one on eachside. These sheets fit snug against the sides of the guide 34, becausethe thickness of the separating-slats is such that this result issecured. As these slats are preferably made of wood, they are notsuitable for guiding the panel, so that I provide the metal guides 45above, which are so positioned as to engage the only exposed face of theguide 34 which is not engaged by the sheets 40 and 41. If the guide 34is reversed, as shown in Fig.

18, the panel 8 may slide inside instead of outside of the fianges.

The panel 8 is held in its various positions by means of thespring-actuated bolts 46, which may be operated by bringingtheir handles47 together against the action of the springs 48, which press againstthe heads 49 and shoulders 50, which are fixed to one of the iiexiblesheets. By so doing the bolts 46 are withdrawn from the notches 39 andmay be returned thereto under the action of the springs 48 by merelyreleasing the handles 47.

From the foregoing' the operation of the device will be readilyunderstood. Assuming the parts to be in the positions indicated in Figs.2 and 5, the lower sash 7 is raised in the usual manner, and its upperend is guided'by the flanges 31 in the grooves 32. At the upper limit ofits independent movement it releases the'catch 24 and engages theprojecting web 21, when both sashes move up together, guided by thestrap 9 and hangers 12. They are locked by bolt 35 entering one of therecesses 35 in the stanchion 2. If the car is to be converted from aclosed to an open condition, the sashes 6 and 7 should be raised to theposition indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The panel 8 is then raisedby releasing the bolts 46 and shoved to the position which is alsoindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. When in place, the handles 47 arereleased and the bolts 46 engage the walls of the notches 39. A reversalof the above-mentioned steps will lower the panel and sashes to theirinitial position.

Many other embodiments of my invention might be shown, as it isapplicable to many kinds of structures as well as dierent type of carsor certain features may be employed without others. I therefore do notregard my invention as limited to the precise structure shown anddescribed, but regard it as broad enough to cover all structures thatcome within the scope of the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isg 1. In a device ofthe class described, a frame, an upper sash, a lower sash adapted to beraised abreast of the upper sash and a catch so situated as to bereleased when the lower sash is moved abreast of the upper sash and notbefore.

2. In a device of the class described, a frame, a sash suspended in saidframe, acatch, spring'- controlled and pivotally mounted on said sash,guides onsaid sash and a second sash whose movement is determined bysaid guides and which is adapted to release said catch.

3. In a device of the class described, a frame', a sash suspended insaid frame, guides on said sash, spring-controlled bell-crank catchespivoted near the top of said sash, and a lower sash whose movement isdetermined by said suspended sash and which is adapted to engage andrelease said bell-crank catches.

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4. In a device of the class described, a frame, a sash suspended in saidframe with guides secured thereto, said guides being parallel and eachprovided with a Hange that slightly diverges from the plane of the sash,catches pivoted to the upper edge of said sash, a second sash w hich isadapted to be guided in its movement by said guides and to so move thatit operates and controls said catches.

5. In a device of the class described, a pair of stanchions, a tubularguide secured to each of said stanchions and a lexible panel havingparts straddling each of said tubular guides.

6. In a device of the class described, a pair of stanchions, aprojecting` guide secured to each of said stanchions, and a flexiblepanel having parts straddling each of said projecting guides.

EZRA S. BUCKNAM.

l/Vitn esses:

SAMUEL C. KANE, ALBERT M. FREE.

